Define ‘Filtration’. What are different types of ‘filters’ and which of them will you recommend for ‘public use’in ‘Cities and villages’?What is the basic difference that differentiate between them? Which ‘filter’ is more efficient for the removal of ‘Coliform Bacteria’? What‘percentage’ of ‘Coliform Bacteria’ will remove each? Also differentiate between ‘Pathogenic and Non-Pathogenic Bacteria’.What types of ‘disinfectants’will you recommend for the killing of ‘Pathogenic Bacteria’. Discuss compare and justify.

 

Define ‘Filtration’. What are different types of ‘filters’ and which of them will you recommend for ‘public use’in ‘Cities and villages’?What is the basic difference that differentiate between them? Which ‘filter’ is more efficient for the removal of ‘Coliform Bacteria’? What‘percentage’ of ‘Coliform Bacteria’ will remove each? Also differentiate between ‘Pathogenic and Non-Pathogenic Bacteria’.What types of ‘disinfectants’will you recommend for the killing of ‘Pathogenic Bacteria’. Discuss compare and justify.                                                                                                                                                                      

Answer:

Filtration:

“Filtration is the process of removal of suspended solids from water by passing through some granular media like sand.”

Types of Filters:

1.     Pressure Filter:

·        It is the type of rapid filter being closed container through which water is passing under pressure sand is generally used 45 to 60 cm. They are very expansion and are generally used in treating swimming pools water and in clarifying softened water at industrial plants. Use in Swimming pool  

2.     Gravity Filter:

·        It consists of an open top box usually made of concrete, draining at the bottom and partially filled with a filtering media, usually sand. Raw water is admitted to the space above the sand which flows downward under the action of gravity. Purification takes discharge through the under drains.

Recommend:

·        I will recommend gravity filter for public use in cities and villages.

Difference:

·        Gravity filtration is used in public use. It just removes the small size of solid impurities of an organic particle. It can Filter by dying agents, while the pressure filtration is used to collect solid particles too, it is faster in the results of the solvent and air being forced through the filter paper, this is faster that’s why its result is not so good.

 

Which filter is more efficient:

·        Pressure filter is more efficient for removal of coliform bacteria.

What percent of Coliform bacteria will be removed:

·        90% of coliform bacteria is removed by pressure filter.

·        99% of coliform is removed by gravity filter.

Differentiate between Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic bacteria:

Pathogenic Bacteria          I.            Pathogenic bacteriaare harmful.        II.            Pathogenic bacteria cause typhoid fever, dysentery, cholera.

Nonpathogenic Bacteria          I.            Nonpathogenic bacteria are harmless.        II.            Do not cause disease but instead live naturally in large intestine.